Blog & Articles

Foreign founder's guide to establishing a crypto/VASP company (CASP): ownership rules, capital, SPK licensing, MASAK compliance and the banking challenge.

Can foreigners use BtcTurk or Paribu? Residence permit, T.C. Kimlik 99, UAVT address, 2026 KYC rules and what to do if your account is frozen.

LLC vs JSC, remote setup via PoA, the corporate bank account challenge, MASAK/KYC checks, work permit myths and 2026 obligations.

Negative declaratory and recovery actions (İİK 72), interim injunction, bad-faith compensation.

Criminal liability for bad cheques (Law 5941 Art. 5), negotiable instrument enforcement, cheque ban and debtor defences.

Provisional/definite respite, creditors' meeting, court approval. For debtor companies and creditors.

Action conditions, certificate of insolvency, 5-year limit and grounds for annulment (İİK 278-280).

Criminal complaint, account freeze, refund and the TCK 158 process. A step-by-step legal guide.

TCK 107 blackmail, account compromise and disclosure: your rights and the steps to take.

The factors that determine a refund, the criminal and compensation paths, and the first 48 hours.

How to spot fake platforms and, in case of victimisation, the criminal complaint and refund process.

GENIUS Act, MiCA and stablecoin regulation in Turkey, CASP and MASAK obligations.

The freeze mechanism, OFAC, Turkey's $500M operation and the clean coin (contagion) risk.

MASAK 19/A block, the first 24 hours, what not to do, on-chain defence and the objection process.

TRY 250M capital requirement, 30 June 2026 deadline, AML programme conditions and step-by-step guide.

2026 current fees, Nice classification, application process and steps to take on infringement.

2026 current costs, capital requirements, incorporation steps for startups and SMEs.

Who must apply KYC/KYB? MASAK obligees, UBO identification and 2026 new cash transaction rules.

Anti-dilution, liquidation preference, no-shop, SHA and SPA — critical legal steps in a funding round.

Formal notice, mediation, precautionary attachment and damages — steps to take when a contract is breached.

EU AI Act timeline, KVKK compliance for AI, deepfake law and liability — a guide for companies using AI in Turkey.

SPK application requirements, AML programme conditions and a step-by-step guide to the licensing process.

Which companies fall under MASAK? The components of an AML compliance programme and an implementation guide.

From shareholders agreements and vesting to IP assignment and KVKK — common early-stage legal mistakes and how to avoid them.